About us
Afi is the leading consulting firm specialized in economics, banking and public finance in Spain. Originally set up in 1987 by a group of renowned academics that provided Spanish financial services institutions and non-financial corporations with insightful economic and financial analysis tailored to their needs.
A brochure with Afi credentials and a brief description of the main services targeted for foreign investors can be downloaded here.
Latest research & commentary
- Spain Weekly
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The return of the savings rate to its pre-pandemic level will be gradual, conditioning the recovery of consumption
02.19.21 - Notes on Spain
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GDP withstands the second wave in 4Q20, closing the year with a fall of 11%
01.29.21 - Banking
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Additional TLTRO-III borrowing - What will Spanish banks do?
06.15.20 - Political Risk
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Catalan elections: different faces, same stalemate
02.12.21
Flash Notes
Afi forecasts
| %YoY | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (*) Contribution to GDP growth | |||||
| Source: Afi, INE | |||||
| Real GDP | 2,0 | -11,0 | 6,4 | ||
| Final consumption | 1,3 | -8,2 | 7,1 | ||
| Household | 1,1 | -15,8 | 7,7 | ||
| Public Sector | 2,3 | 4,5 | 6,0 | ||
| Investment | 2,7 | -12,4 | 9,9 | ||
| Capital goods | 4,5 | -13,5 | 10,5 | ||
| Construction | 1,7 | -15,8 | 7,4 | ||
| Housing | 4,1 | -18,6 | 10,0 | ||
| Other construction | -1,4 | -12,0 | 5,9 | ||
| Domestic demand (*) | 1,4 | -9,1 | 7,3 | ||
| Exports | 2,3 | -20,8 | 12,2 | ||
| Imports | 0,7 | -16,8 | 15,6 | ||
| External demand (*) | 0,6 | -1,9 | -0,8 | ||
| CPI (annual average) | 0,7 | -0,3 | 0,7 | ||
| GDP deflator | 1,6 | 1,1 | 1,1 | ||
| Nominal GDP | 3,5 | -9,9 | 7,5 | ||
| Employment | 2,3 | -2,9 | 1,5 | ||
| Unemployment rate | 14,1 | 15,5 | 16,1 | ||
| EDP Public balance (% GDP) | -2,8 | -11,2 | -7,8 | ||
| EDP Public debt (% GDP) | 95,5 | 117,2 | 116,8 | ||
| Current account (% GDP) | 1,9 | 0,7 | 1,4 | ||
| Apr-14 | May-14 | Jun-14 | Jul-14 | Aug-14 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| YoY change, quarterly average (%) | ||||||||||
|
(1) Indices (*) Seasonally adjusted figures |
||||||||||
| Productive capacity utilization, % | 77.0 | 74.1 | ||||||||
| Industrial production | 1.4 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 1.3 | |||||
| Economic sentiment index (1) | 102.5 | 101.4 | 101.8 | 104.0 | 103.4 | |||||
| Industrial confidence (1) | -9.6 | -9.3 | -8.0 | -7.4 | -5.7 | |||||
| Services confidence (1) | 11.6 | 8.4 | 6.4 | 12.5 | 7.0 | |||||
| Electricity consumption | -0.3 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.8 | |||||
| Wholesales | 2.5 | 2.9 | 1.7 | 2.8 | 1.8 | |||||
| Deflated retail sales | -0.2 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.3 | -0.2 | |||||
| Vehicle registration | 10.2 | 12.1 | 14.3 | 15.7 | 14.9 | |||||
| Consumer confidence index (1) | -8.3 | -7.8 | -6.7 | -3.9 | -7.7 | |||||
| Social Security registration | 0.3 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 1.7 | |||||
| Deflated exports of goods | 3.2 | 0.7 | -1.9 | -1.0 | 3.2 | |||||
| Foreign tourist arrival | 7.1 | 8.6 | 6.7 | 7.2 | 5.0 | |||||
| Credit to private sector | -7.6 | -7.2 | -6.9 | -6.3 | -5.9 | |||||